Washing machine with centrifugal extractor and stabilizer therefor



July 4, 1950 G. P. CASTNER ETAL sums MACHINE wrm CENTRIFUGAL EXTRACTOR 7AND STABILIZER THEREFOR Filed Aug. 14, 1946 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 glvwem/toz65020:- P CASTNER. v Alarnoz D. LUND 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 G. P. CASTNER ETAL WASHING MACHINE WITH CENTRIFUGAL EX'I'RACTOR AND STABILIZER THEREFORJuly 4, 1950 Filed Aug. 14. 1946 Qvwvwbou 650265 I? cnamm An'rnuz l2LUND July 4, 1950 a. P. CASTNER ETA L 2,513,844

WASHING CHINE WITH CENTRIF'UGAL EXTRACTQR I AND STABILIZER THEREFORFiled Aug. 14. 1946 6 She ets-Sheet 5 Elma/"bow 65-0205 1? CASTIVEAZAzruuz D. Lump July 4, 1950 e P. cAsTNER ETAL Q 2,513,844

ialll 4- all! IASHING WITH CENTRIFUGAL'EXTRACTOR AND 'STABILIZERTHEREFOR riled Au 14. 1946 s Sheets-Sheet e' 32 v 3-22-5111 2 3M v65020; I? Cnsrn/E'a Ann/a2 D. Lu/vo OMEMM/M Patented July 4, 1950WASHING MACHINE WITH CENTRIFUGAL EXTRACTOR AND STABILIZER THEREFOR-George P. Castner, Webster City, Iowa, and

Arthur D. Lund, Hennepin County, Minn signors to Solar Corporation,Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of Delaware Application August 14, 1946,Serial No. 690,532

14 Claims. 1

This invention relates to clothes washing machines, particularly of thegeneral type used for. domestic purposes, and the main object is toprovide a comparatively simple, efficient, and practical machine forwashing, rinsing, and drying the clothes and other articles to belaundered.

A further and more specific object is to provide a novel construction ofmachine in which, when properly adjusted and set, the various operationscan be carried out automatically and in predetermined, time sequence.

A further object is to provide a washer of the agitator type with meansfor introducing water to the washing tub in such manner as to increasethe washing and rinsing efilciency while also removing the sediment andscum from the cleansing and rinsing fluids.

A further object is to so design the washing machine that the entireoperating structure, including the tub, agitator, and operatingmechanism, will be supported on a cushioned center pivot construction,with supplemental means for supporting such operating structure inyieldable, balanced, operating position.

A further object is to provide a machine in which the washing receptaclemay be rapidly rotated to centrifugally dry the clothes, and a spinningmechanism, including a fluid drive coupling, that will not only preventoverloading of the spinner motor during the starting operation, whenload resistance is greatest, but will also function to retard spinningspeed of the receptacle when the same is subjected to eccentricvibration due to unbalanced load condition in the clothes receptacle.

Still further and more specific objects will be disclosed in the courseof the following specification, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention, and inwhich drawings:

Fig. l is a top or plan view of the machine with various parts brokenaway for purpose of illustration.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail section of our improved spray nozzle, as online 2-2 in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation through the machine on line 3-3 in Fig.1.

Fig. 4 is an elevation of the machine, as seen on line 4-4 on Figure 3,or with the major portion of the front housing wall broken away toexpose the interior mechanism, and with some parts in section forpurpose of illustrating certain details of construction.

Fig. 5 is a sectional plan view on line 5-4 in Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail sectional elevation on line 66 in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a sectional plan view on line in Fig. 3.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged detail section on line 8-2 in Fig. 7. i

Fig. 9 is an enlarged sectional detail elevation through the fluid drivetransmission, or as seen substantially on the line 99 in Fig. 5.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged detail elevation of the baflle tube removed fromthe agitator assembly.

Fig. 11 is an enlarged diametrical section through the center cushionsupport for the operating assembly.

Referring to the drawings more particularly and by reference charactersA designates a lower housing chamber formed by an upwardly concaved baseplate l2, vertical corner irons l3, and a surrounding wall plate M, thelatter of which may be in whole or part readily removed to give accessto the mechanism contained within the chamber. This lower constructionalso includes a four sided angle iron frame I5 providing inwardlyprojecting ledges I 6 and Ilia.

u The upper housing structure comprises an upwardly concaved bottomplate 11, secured as at l8, to the ledge. lBa, and sealed at itsupstanding peripheral flange ill to the casing walls 20 to provide afluid tight receptacle or chamber B. Extending upwardly from a centeropening in the plate I! is anupstanding sleeve 2|, also sealed to theplate, so as to provide the annular water chamber B between itself andthe walls 20. The

upper edge of the lower casing wall I4 is preferably maintained infltting contact with the flange I9 by a sealing strip 2| (Figs. 3 and4). At its upper end the casing 20 has an inwardly curved flange member22 upon which is seated the circular, removable lid or cover 23.

The washer is supported on four floor jacks which are so designed thatthey may be adjusted to properly level the machine on an uneven orirregular floor, and will also prevent creeping of the machine due tovibration. Each of these Jacks (see Figs. 3, 4, '7, and 8) consists of avertical bolt 24 threaded in a nut 25 fixed on the base plate l2 andsecured by a lock nut 26. The lower end of the bolt has. a ball-socketconnection to an inverted cup or foot 21 permitting the latter to adjustitself to floor surface irregularities. This cup 21 has a serratedflange resting on and imbedding itself in a rubber or resilient pad 28which is preferably cemented in proper selected position on the floor.With this construction it will be seen that the machine can be' adjustedsembly of frame, operating mechanism,

3 for equalized four point floor support, while also being cushioned toabsorb vibration and millciently anchored to prevent creeping.

The washing, rinsing, and centrifimlns assembly is supported within thechamber B upon a spindle element projecting upwardly through the sleeve2| from the operating and transmission assembly contained within chamberA. Both assemblies are primarily supported, as a single unit, upon asingle central bearing or cushioned support. This support (Figs. 3 and'11) includes a cup 29, mounted in the plate l2, which, because of itsinversely disced shape, provides rigid support, and within the cup therei is a rubber block or pad 30 having an inner socket element 3| whichreleasably receives the lug 32 of a block 33 mounted on the frame 34 ofthe operating mechanism.

The frame 34 is composed of rigidly connected parts including agenerally U-shaped member 35 (Fig. 3), to which the block is directlyfastened, an'irregularly shaped plate 38 (Figs. 3, 4, 5, 7, 9), and anupper but also irregularly shaped plate 31 which is secured to the lowerplate (36) by three spacers 38 and top screws 39. The plate 31 has anintegral, tube extension 40, which projects up within the sleeve 2|,with freedom 'for ample clearance with respect thereto, and this tube 40has upper and lower antifriotion bearing rings 4| and 42, respectively,for centering a spindle 43 (Figs. 3 and 5) having an internal shaft 44.v

The frame 34 directly supports the power and transmission mechanism,while the spindle 43 and shaft 44 further and additionally support thetub and washing elements, all of which will presently be described.

'As will be evident, the entire combination asand upper, washer unitwill be primarily supported leather, fiber or other compositionmaterial, have direct face contact with the plate 5|, their surfacesadjacent the bars 49 have flanged metal covers 0): washers 51 to insureproper retention of the disks with respect to the bolts 53 and bars Theclothes receptacle, C, comprises an axial sleeve 58- terminating, at itslower end, in a conical section 59 that is rigidly secured to the top ofthe spindle 43 by bolts 80. The receptacle wall, 8|, is imperforatethroughout and has a slightly tapered, downwardly curved bottom flange62 that is secured in tight sealing engagement upon the outer rim 83 ofthe conical part 59. The base portion of the cone 59 has an ellipticaltrough or sediment trap 54 (Figs. 1 and 3), into which sand and othersediment from the tub C will settle,'and this sediment is carried off bythe tubes 65, during the centrifuging operation as shown and claimedmore specifically in application Serial No. 636,304, flied Dec. 21,1945, by the present applicant George P. Castner and now Patent Number2,470,140, May 17, 1949.

The upper ends of the tubes I5, in the present instance, discharge intooutwardly flared deflector pockets 68 (Figs. 3 and 4), in what isdesignated as a balancing ring 51. This ring is preferably of heavy castmaterial and is secured by top screws 68 to the flange rim is of the tubc on the central bearing cushion 3|, and, as a resuit, it becomesnecessary to provide means for balancing such assembly in itsperpendicular or vertical position. This is done by the devices now tobe described and which also permit limited radial vibration and gyratorydeflection,

which is of paramount importance, particularly 'during the starting andspinning operations, as

it operates to absorb vibrations and accommodates the machine tounbalanced load conditions that results when the clothes are notuniformly distributed in the drying receptacle. To yieldably restrainthe assembly in its normal, true'vertical position, and to restore itthereto, we provide a series of radial springs 45,

the inner ends of which are attached to the plate 31, at points 44,while the outer ends are atto the ledge, Ii, through the medium ofsnubber disks 52. These disks are held in frictional contactwith theplates 5| by bolts 53 which also extend through the bars 49, and eachbolt has a compression spring 54 disposed between the lower bar 49 andan adjusting nut on the bolt. It

will be seen that the bolt opening, 55, in the plate 5| (Fig. 6) isrelatively large so as to permit horizontal movements of the bars 49,disks 52, and plate 31 with respect to the plates 5|, and it may furtherbe noted that while the disks 52, of

(Figs. 1 and 4). The ring is also provided with inset lugs 10, to engagethe inner surface of the tub wall (Fig. 3), and between these lugs areopenings 1| through which the fluid is expelled from the tub into thechamber B during the centrifuging operation. The ring 51 hasan inwardlydirected flange 12 to prevent the upward escape of clothes from the tubduring the drying or spinning action thereof. Another and very importantfunction of the ring is to counteract the tendency of the tub to rotateeccentrically, with respect to a true vertical axis,under an unbalancedload. Thus the weight of the ring not only in itself tends to stabilizethe rotation but will furthertend to correct throw" because of the factthat any tilting of the spindle axis from bearing center 32 willcorrespondingly tilt or wobble the ring, and, as is well known, thecentrifugal force or momentum imparted will set up a gyroscopic actionand tend to restore the body to its correct axis of rotation. Thiseffect is enhanced by the height at which the ring is located above thepoint 32, since the ring is on top of the receptacle and as far abovepoint 32 as the size of the casing will permit.

In addition to its important balancing function the use of the ring 61actually greatly facilitates the manufacturing process since the tub orreceptacle C need not have its walls perforated, thus adding anoperation which has frequently given trouble due to distortion of themetal etc., nor need the tub walls be turned or formed in to hold theclothes. Instead the ring as it is cast is formed in the one singleoperation with the water escape openings H and the flange 12 to hold theclothes with a considerable saving in expense and time.

The tub C isrotated by the spindle 44, on which it is mounted, and thelatter is provided, at its-lower end, with a pulley l3 driven by a belt14 from a pulley 15 on the driven member 16 of "a fluid coupling whichalso includes a driving member 11 (Fig. 9). The member 11 is mounted onthe vertical shaft 18 of an electric motor 19 carried by a bracket 8|)that is adjustably secured, as at 8|, to the frame plate 35.

The fluid coupling 16-11 is. of the Fottinger or turbine type, throughwhich power is hydraulically transmitted by opposed, annularly spacedseries of blades 02 and 03, but since the axis of the unit is verticallydisposed, in the present instance, it will be seen that when thecoupling is idle (as in Fig. 9) the power transmission fluid B4 iscontained entirely within the driven member, 18, and does not thereforecontact the vanes or blades 02 of the driving member as would normallyoccur when the coupling axis is horizontal. Consequently rotation of thedriving member I1 would not initiate the fluid turbulence or circulationthat is essential to this type of power transmission. For that reasonthe driving member 11 is provided with paddle extensions 85 that projectdown-into the fluid body within the inner edges of the blades 03 so asnot to contact the latter. With this arrangement it will be seen thatrotation of the member 11 will cause the extensions 05 to act on thefluid sufiicient to initiate and maintain the toroidal circulationrequired for power transmission. In addition to this novel feature thefluid coupling cooperates as a unit to reduce throw or eccentricvibration during centrifuging in a manner later to be set forth.

The actual clothes washing operation within the tub C is accomplished insomewhat conventional manner, by an oscillating agitator D (Fig. 3),made up of a tubular sleeve 86, flared out at its bottom, in a skirt 81,and having integrally formed, radial agitator blades 00. The skirt edge86 is spaced above and extends beyond the trap 64 so that sediment mayescape downward and inwardly to the trap.

The upper end of the sleeve 06 has an integral hub 89 with an axialsocket which is upwardly tapered and square or hexagonal in crosssection to flt snugly upon a similarly shaped plug 00 that is securedupon the upper end of shaft 44 by a pin 9|. Between the plug 00 andspindle 58 is a flanged bushing 92 that serves as a bearing between theshaft 44 and spindle 50. The agitator D is held down in place upon theplug 00 by a cap 93 having a shank threaded into the end of the shaft.By removing the cap 93 the agitator can, of course, easily be removedand replaced.

The lower end of the shaft 44 has a vertically stationary clutch part 04adapted to be engaged and disengaged by a complemental clutch member 95,which is slidably keyed to a shaft 00 jour naled in a transmissioncasing 01. The shaft 96 is oscillated by a linkage mechanism 00 which isnot shown in detail but may be of the type shown and described in PatchPatent No. 1,964,440, issued June 26, 1934. This mecha nism is actuatedby a shaft 99 which is rotated in the housing, and which mechanismconverts the rotary motion to the shaftto reciprocating motion of theshaft 96. The shaft 90 projects upwardly from the casing 91 to support apulley I00, driven by V-belt IOI from a smaller pulley, I02, on theshaft I03 of a motor I04. This motor is adjustably secured, as by boltsI08 and slots I06, to the plate 36, in a manner permitting tensionadjustment of the belt.

The clutch 94-95 is normally open or separated, as in Fig. 3, but isclosed or engaged by energization of a solenoid I01 that operates ashipper lever I08. This is done automatically by an electric timer I00as will presently be described.

a The shaft I03, of motor I04, carries a second pulley, H0, whichoperates a V-belt III to drive a pulley II2 on the shaft II3 of acentrifugal pump Ill. This pump is adjustably secured to the plate 06 bybolts H5, in slots IIB, which are.

so arranged that adjustments can be made to slacken or tighten the beltIII as may be required. The inlet side of the pump is connected by aconduit I II to a drain spout I I8 of the chamber B, and since the pumpis subject to vibration with respect to the casing this conduit ispreferably of flexible tube or hose material. The outlet side of thepump is connected to a flexible conduit II! for discharging used fluidto a convenient point outside the casing.

Washing and rinsing water is introduced to the machine by a pipe or tubeI20 which preferably extends in through a side wall of the casing I4,and thence upwardly through the bottom plate I1 and to a coupler I2I(Figs. land 4). A second pipe I22, is detachably secured to the couplerI2I and extends inwardly and slightly upwardly, terminating in a sprayhead I23 which it'supports in an axial position over the tub C andslightly spaced above the cap 93. Exteriorly of the machine the pipe I20is adapted for connection with one or more mixing valves (not shown) sothat water of desired temperature and volume may be supplied to thespray head I23.

The spray head I23 is of hollow form and has two annular series ofperforations I24 and I25. The circle of perforations I24 produces a wideconical spray I24a (Figs. 2 and .3), while the circle of perforationsI25 produces a generally cylindrical form of downward spray I25a. The

purposes of the sprays will be set forth in the description of theoperation of the machine.

As an important element of the present invention we have provided whatmay be conveniently referred to as a baiile unit E, as shown in Figs. 2.3, 4, and 10. This unit consists of a cylindrical tube I26 the top endof which is flared, as at I21, while the lower portion is longitudinallyslotted, at I20, to permit the unit to be moved vertically down intoplace about the sleeve 86 and with the slots I28 receiving the agitatorblades 80. The unit is releasably secured to the sleeve hub by a setscrew I29 which holds the tube in annularly spaced position with respectto the sleeve for the passage of water downwardly therebetween. Theupper section of the unit E is further provided with a series of radialfins or vanes I30, the function of which will presently be set forth.

The timer I09 which controls the electric current to the two motors I9and I04 and to the solenoid switch I01 is of conventional or standarddesign, well known in the art, and consequently neither it nor thewiring diagram is shown in detail. It is suflicient to note that in thepresent instance a start and stop switch for the timer may convenientlytake the form of a dial I3I, mounted on top of the machine and connectedto the timer by rod I32. This dial (Fig. 1) can be set to control theduration of the washing operation but thereafter the extracting, rinsingand drying operations automatically follow at predetermined timeintervals. It will also be understood that the timer may operate tocontrol the sequence and supplies of hot and cold water in synchronismwith the motor actuating so that once started the machine can functionto complete the entire operation without manual adjustment orintervention.

gether with the various advantages flowing from the presentconstruction, may be described as follows:

The desired amount of clothes and soap are placed in the tub C, andwater of the required temperature is then filled in (under manual valvecontrol) through the pipes i2. and I22, and

spray head I23, until it reaches the predetermined water level line I33(Fig. 3). The lid or cover 23 is then closed and the dial ill is set, byturning it to the desired number of wash minutes.

, The dial is then lifted to start the timer which closes the circuit tomotor I and solenoid II! to close clutch 9l95. The motor I then drivesthe pump Ill through belt connection HI, and operates belt Hll,transmission mechanism 98 and clutch 94-85, to oscillate the shaft 44and agitator D secured thereon. The resulting washing process, as such,is of the well known action in which the agitator impellers 88 impart aturning r toroidal movement to the suspended clothes to subject thelatter to constant contact with currents of the soapy water until clean.

During this step of the process any grit. sand or other heavy foreignmatter will find its way into the sediment trap it, while any fluid orsuds splashing over the tub and into the casing chamher B will be drawnoff through the drain III by the pump Ill-which is constantly running.

A feature prefer-ably reserved for the rinsing operation but which mayalso be used in the washing step consists of opening the water supply tothe spray head I23 toward the end of the washing period. When this isdone the water surface is raised above the level of line I33 and up tothat of the openings 'II. The water from spray l2ia fiows up from thelower edge of the bailie tube E, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 3,and the wider spray, l2la. acts outwardly against the upper surface. Thecombined spray action has a tendency to stop or retard the normalrolling or tumbling rotation of the clothes and the spray l24a acts topush the surface scum outwardly through the holes II and thus remove itfrom further contact with the clean clothes. This action is supplementedby the fins I30, of the baflle unit, which fins are now operating belowthe level of the increased body of water and tend -to fan or impeloutwardly the scum disposed within the spray I24a. This descumming stepmaybe by either manual or automatic control.

When the washing operation is completed the solenoid Ill! is deenergizedto disconnect the clutch 94-95 which in turn stops the oscillations ofthe agitator D, while the motor I continues to operate the pump I ll.

The motor- 18 is then energized and has as its sole function to spin thereceptacle C through belt ll, pulley l3 and spindle 43, to partially drythe clothes. It will be understood that under this centrifuging actionthe water will be forced outwardly to the wall 6| of the receptacle andwill then fiow upwardly along the tapered wall until it reaches theescape ports II from which it will be discharged into the chamber B forprompt removal by the pump I It. It will also be noted that the innerflange I2 of the balancing ring will prevent the upward escape ofclothes during the centrifuging, while the elliptical form of thesediment trap and the arrangement of pipes OI will cause centrifugalflushing and discharge of any foreign matter that has settled in thetrap.

During the first spinning operation, which may be maintained forapproximately five minutes it may be found desirable to give the clothesone spray flushing with hot water. In any event, and when the cleaningfluid has been substantially removed, the spinning motor (19) isdeenergized, cold rinse water is supplied to the tub, and the clutch"-95 is re-eng'aged to again activate the agitator D. After rotationaltumbling of the clothes is now sufilcient to insure proper rinsing theclutch is again disengaged and the spinning motor is again operated todry the clothes. for h n ing or ironin In all washing machines employingcentrifugal drying a substantial problem arises because of vibrationresulting from unbalanced loads in the centrifuging process. To preventtipping, creeping, noise, wear, etc. resort has been made to variouscures" including that of bolting the machine to the floor, which isfrequentl impractical and expensive. In the present instance acombination of features complement each other to absorb and preventvibration to a point where it is sumciently,

controlled to be unobjectionable from a practical and operativestandpoint. Thus it will first be noted that the adjustable corner Jacks24-26 provide means for initially leveling the machine while theserrated foot and pad arrangement 21-28 is such as to provide aresilient pad on which the feet 21 cannot creep.

0f greater importance, however, is the single, cushioned, pivot support32 for the entire operating assembly coupled with the radial balancingsprings 45, and the snubbers 52, connected by the flexible arms 49, thebalancing ring 61. and the hydraulic drive coupling IS-ll, all of whichcooperate to reduce vibration to an unoblectionable minimum.

The single point support (32) for the entire asse lnbly is such thatgyratory deflections of the clothes receptacle C will not be directlytransmitted laterally to the casing 20, and, since the pivot connection32 acts as a fulcrum for such deflectiqns, the amount of transmittedvibration at this low point is negligible. The elf-center or eccentricvibrations that are imparted to the frame plate 31 are frictionallyretarded b the snubbers, while the centering springs 45 immediately tendto restore the assembly to its true vertical condition. In this mannerthe spring and snubber devices yieldably transmit only such vibrationforces to the outer frame and easing as the latter can easily resist orabsorb, and it may be noted that since the snubber arms II are flexiblethe disks 52 will always have fiat friction contact with the bracketplates 51. It is further to be noted that the snubbers and springs areequally effective to absorb torsional stresses about a vertical axis towhich the assembly is subjected in starting and stopping operations.

The stabilizing effect imparted b the weight and momentum of the ring 61has already been described, and, of course cooperates with the otheranti-vibration factors to provide a smooth running of the machine evenwith out-of-balance load conditions.

The fluid drive coupling It-TI not only permits the motor to attain fullspeed and thus avoid overloading, when starting the relatively heavyclothes receptacle spinning, but also provides slipcreased load on thefluid drive which is set up when the tub load becomes unbalanced, andwhich increased load increases slippage in the fluid drive. Thisslippage may in turn be governed or determinded by the amount of fluid'84 in the coupling, as the slippage between driving and driven membersl1 and 1-6, will increase or decrease by respectively decreasing orincreasing the amount of fluid. Thus, it will be apparent, that with anyload an increase in speed will result in greater eccentric throw, andincreased frictional resistance, orincreased driving power, so that theslippage of the fluid drive can be set to limit the receptacle rotationbelow that which might otherwise be objectionable.

The construction of the parts forming the chamber B is such that thereis ample room to accommodate a complete receptacle load of fluid andparticularly so with the pump drawing it off during the rapid dischargeof fluid from the upper edge of the receptacle. Thus the chamber i ineffect open-topped, and the sleeve 2| renders unnecessary any sealbetween the chamber and spindle, while also being sufliciently large topermit full clearance for the sleev 40 even under maximum vibrationconditions.

It is understood that suitable modifications may be made in the generaldesign and structural details of the machine as hereinabove set forthwithout departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.Having now therefore fully illus: trated and described our inventionwhat we claim to be new and desire to protect by Letters Patent 1. In awashing machine, a clothes receptacle mounted for rotation about avertical axis and having an upwardly flared, imperforate outer wallwhereby water will rise, upon spinning of the receptacle, and escapeoutwardly over the upper edge of the wall, means for rotating thereceptacle, and a heavy balancing ring mounted upon the upper edge ofthe receptacle, said ring projecting inwardly to restrain clothes in thereceptacle from escaping upwardly therefrom during the spinningoperation, the said ring having openings to pass the water outwardduring the spinning operation.

2. In a washing machine, a casing having an upper chamber, a clothesreceptacle in the chamber and adapted upon being rotated to dischargefluid into the chamber, an agitator in the receptacle, a pump fordraining the chamber, a motor and a fluid drive coupling for spinningthe receptacle, a second motor for operating the agitator and pump, anda clutch for controlling the power connection from the second motor tothe agitator.

3. In a clothes treating machine, a rotary and gyratory receptacle forclothes and treating liquid, the said receptacle having an upwardlyflaring imperforate wall, means for spinning the receptacle to drive thefluid up the wall and to extract the fluid from the clothes, a balancingmass mounted around the upper edge of the receptacle wall, and the saidbalancing mass having openings therein to pass the liquid outwardly asit moves up the receptacle wall.

4. In a clothes treating machine, a rotary and gyratory receptacle forclothes and treating liquid, the said receptacle having an upwardlyflaring imperforate wall, means for spinning the receptacle to drive thefluid up the wall and to extract the fluid from the clothes, a balancingmass mounted around the upper edge of the receptacle wall, and the saidbalancing mass having openings therein to pass the liquid outwardly asit moves up thereceptacle wall, the said balancing mass also having aninwardly turned tannular part to hold the clothes in the recepacle.

5. In a clothes treating machine, a rotary and gyratory receptacle forclothes and treating liquid, the said receptacle having an upwardlyflaring imperforate wall, means for spinning the receptacle to drive thefluid up the wall and to extract the fluid from the clothes, a balancingmass mounted upon the upper edge of the receptacle wall, and the masshaving notches in its underside forming openings above the receptacleedge for the escape of the liquid.

6. In a washing machine, a main frame, a second frame supporting aclothes receptacle for rotation about a vertical axis, means formounting the second frame on the main frame with freedom for gyratorydeflection with respect to said vertical axis induced by rotation of thereceptacle when the latter is out of balance, means yieldablyrestraining such gyratory deflection and tending to restore the secondframe and receptacle from deflected to normal operating positions, andat least one pair of cooperating friction producing members forfrictionally resisting the aforesaid gyratory deflection, one of themembers of said pair being attached to a point fixed with respect to themain frame and the other member of the pair being attached to the secondframe.

"I. In a washing machine, a frame, a rotatable clothes receptacle, meansfor mounting the receptacle with respect to the frame for rotation abouta vertical axis but with freedom for limited gyratory deflection withrespect to the axis, means yieldably resisting said gyratory deflectionand tending to restore the receptacle, when deflected, to operatingposition coincident with said vertical axis, additional means forresisting said gyratory deflection comprising a first member fixed withrespect to the receptacle axis but non-rotatable with the receptacle, asecond member anchored to an element fixed with respect to the frame,said flrst and second members having opposed friction surfaces and beinconnected together by means permitting the members to move relatively toeach other when pressure on such flrst member produced by gyratorydeflection exceeds the resistance produced by such friction.

8. In a washing machine having a main frame, a clothes receptacle havinga spindle supporting the receptacle for rotation about a. vertical axis,a second frame forming a bearing support for the spindle, means formounting the lower end of the second frame on the main frame for limitedtilting action whereby the second frame may gyrate in response togyratory deflection of the clothes receptacle about said vertical axis,a first friction member attached to and extending outwardly from thesecond frame at anelevation below the clothes receptacle and above thelower end of the second frame, a second friction member connected withand extending inwardly from a stationary point of the main frame tofrictionally overlap a surface of the first friction member, andresilient means urging the two friction members into yieldable contactwith each other.

9. In a washing machine having a main frame, a clothes receptacle havinga spindle supporting the receptacle for rotation about a vertical axis,a second frame forming a bearing support for the spindle, means formounting the lower end of the second frame on the main frame for limitedtilting action whereby the second frame may gyrate in response togyratory deflection of the clothes receptacle about said vertical axis.

a first friction member attached to and extending outwardly from thesecond frame at an elevation below the clothes receptacle and above thelower end of the second frame, 'a second friction member connected withand extending inwardly from a stationary point of the main frame tofrictionally overlap a surface of the first friction member, andadjustable means for controlling the degree of frictional resistancebe-' tween the two friction members.

10. In a, washing machine having a main 'frame, a clothes receptaclehaving a spindle supporting the receptacle for rotation about averticalaxis, a second frame forming a bearing support for the spindle, meansfor mounting the lower end of the second frame on the main frameforlimited tilting action whereby the second 12 means connecting the twoframes and tending to* yieldably resist such deflection of the secondframe, at least one pair of friction resistance elements, one of whichis attached to the main frame and the other of which is attached to thesecond frame, said elements having coacting friction surfaces, and meansfor urging said surfaces into frictional contact with each other. 13.-Incombination, an outer main frame, a second frame disposed within themain frame and supporting a clothes receptacle for rotation about anormally'upright axis, means for mounting the second frame in the mainframe with freedom for gyratory deflection with respect to .said axisinduced by rotation of the receptacle when the latter is out-of-balance,resilient means connecting the two frames and tending to yieldablyresist such deflection of the second frame, at least one pairof frictionresistance elements, one of which is attached to the main frame and theother of which is attached to the second frame, said elements havingcoacting fricframe may gyrate in response to gyratory deflecmember.

11. In a washing machine, a main frame, a bearing frame tiltablysupported at its bottom on the main frame so that the upper part of thebearing frame may gyrate, a spindle journaled in the bearing frame forrotation about an upright axis, a clothes receptacle carried by theupper end of the spindle, a motor carried by the bearing frame andconnected to the spindle to rotate the spindle and receptacle, 9. seriesof elements fixed with respect to the main frame at spaced locationsabout the bearing frame and presenting generally horizontalbearingfaces, a second series of elements attached to the bearing frame andhaving portions disposed adjacent to said bearing surfaces, said secondelement portions having linings for frictionally engaging the bearingsurfaces, and means for controlling the frictional resistance betweensaid linings and bearing surfaces.

12. In combination, an outer main frame, a

second frame disposed within the main frame and supporting a clothesreceptacle for rotation about a normally upright axis, means formounting the second frame in the main frame with freedom for gyratorydeflection with respect to said axis induced by rotation of thereceptacle when the latter is out-of-balance, resilient a for surfaceengagement with the other friction tion surfaces, and adjustable springmeans for squeezing said friction resistance elements to-- gether.

14. In a washing machine, an outer frame, an inner frame mounted in theouter frame with freedom for limited gyratory movements about a bottomsupport in the outer frame, a clothes receptacle mounted for rotation onthe inner frame, and a motor for driving the receptacle,

a series of bracket plates mounted on the outerv frame at spaced pointsaround the inner frame,

a series of members secured to the inner frame and extending outwardlyover the surfaces of the bracket plates for frictional engagement withsurfaces thereof and for movement thereover to resist the aforesaidgyratory movements of the.

inner frame, and means for controlling the degree of frictionalresistance between said members and bracket plates.

GEORGE P. CAS'INER. ARTHUR D. LUND.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the flle ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PA'I'ENTS Number Name Date 1,647,992 Hartman Nov. 8, 19271,886,112 Luarde Nov. 1, 1932 1,932,246 Kirby Oct. 24, 1933 2,091,536Van Impe Aug. 31, 1937 2,222,329 Watts Nov. 19. 1940 2,282,847 Barim May12, 1942 2,291,088 Morganstern July 28, 1942 2,303,979 Blake Dec. 1,1942 2,331,897 Dyer Oct. 19, 1943 2,334,858 Beattie Nov. 23, 19432,356,818 Bruckman Aug. 29, 1944 2,380,595 Hertrich July 31, 19452,408,509 Clark Oct. 1, 1946 2,421,803 Neal June 10, 1947 Certificate ofCorrection Patent No. 2,513,844 July 4,1950

IGEORGE P. CASTNER ET AL.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specificationof the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows:

Column '5, line 61, for the word to after motion read f;

and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correctiontherein that the same may conform to the record of the case in thePatent Office.

Signed and sealed this 19th day of September, A. D. 1950.

THOMAS F. MURPHY,

Assistant Commissioner of Patents.

